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The correct choice emphasizes the importance of ensuring proper drainage away from footings to prevent water accumulation around the foundation, which can lead to structural issues over time. A grade of 5% for every 10 feet means that for every 10 feet of horizontal distance, there should be a vertical drop of 5%. This gradient is effective in directing water runoff away from the foundation, thereby reducing the risk of water infiltration that can compromise the integrity of the footings and the overall structure.
A 5% slope is considered to strike a balance between being steep enough to encourage proper drainage while not being so steep that it creates instability in the surrounding soil. Proper drainage promotes longevity in the structure and reduces maintenance costs, making it an essential aspect of construction practices.
Choosing a steeper slope, like the other alternatives that suggest higher percentages, could risk creating erosion or other complications in the landscape, while lower percentages might not provide sufficient drainage. Therefore, 5% stands as the recommended standard to safeguard against moisture issues and enhance the structural reliability of the building.